When most people think of the Middle Ages, they often imagine a dark, backward time of knights in shining armor, castles, plague, and superstition—a period far removed from the scientific progress and social complexities of the modern world. However, modern historical research and archaeological discoveries have dramatically reshaped our understa

European colonialism expanded the sex trade globally. Ports, military garrisons, and trade hubs created new demand for prostitution, often involving local women and enslaved persons. The White Slave Trade and 19th Century Reforms The 19th century saw the rise of the so-called "white slave trade" panic in Europe and America, with fears about the t

Following the fall of the Roman Empire and during the Christianization of Europe, attitudes toward prostitution shifted dramatically. The Medieval Church and Prostitution Christianity condemned prostitution as sinful but paradoxically tolerated and regulated it to prevent greater social evils. Medieval towns often had designated red-light distric

Sex work, the provision of sexual services in exchange for money or goods, is one of the oldest professions in human history. It has existed in virtually every culture and civilization, evolving through social, economic, religious, and political changes. Despite often being marginalized or criminalized, sex work has played a significant role in soc